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Important Diseases

Dourine

Itīs a disease caused by a protozoan parasite Trypanosoma equiperdum, itīs sexually transmitted during natural mating or by artificial insemination with infected semen. It appears to disappear from the genital tract periodically and the horse may become non-infectious for weeks to months. Mucous membrane transmission via the conjunctiva of the eyes may occur.

Equine Herpesvirus Infection

There are five equine herpesvirus that are found in the horse environment and are associated with a variety of equine disease syndromes. EHV-1 causes respiratory disease, the horse shows variable signs which include elevated temperature, nasal discharge, enlarged glands under the jaw and coughing.

Equine Infectious Anaemia

Infectious disease caused by a Lentivirus and transmitted by biting insects that transfer blood from an infected horse to an uninfected horse. Itīs characterised by recurrent episodes of fever, anaemia, thrombocytopenia, loss of appetite, depression, rapid loss of weight, oedema of the lower parts of the body, incoordination and abortions.

Equine Influenza

Itīs a highly infectious viral respiratory disease characterised by fever and dry coughing, mostly affecting non-vaccinated horses. Itīs transmitted from horse to horse in close proximity by coughing and inhaling aerosolised live virus and also from horses to people to horses via hands, clothes, grooming equipment or tack contaminated with infectious material. 

Equine Viral Arteritis

Itīs a highly contagious disease of varying severity that can cause occasionally abortion or even death in horses. The signs of EVA are very variable. Common symptoms include fever, depression, loss of appetite, swelling, stiffness of the limbs and conjunctivitis.

Glanders

Itīs a life threatening infectious disease caused by the bacterium Burkholderia mallei. The organism is spread, most commonly by the ingestion of contaminated food or water.

Piroplasmosis

Itīs an important cause of life threatening anaemia in horses. Biting ticks spread the protozoan parasitic infection of the red blood cells from horse to horse. Itīs caused by the protozoan parasites Babesia caballi and Theileria equi, which invade the horse's red blood cells.

West Nile Virus

Itīs a disease caused by an arthropod born flavivirus, carried by mosquitoes, who cause encephalitis that affect humans and animals, such as horses, sometimes with fatal results.